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R Q & D J O`brien Ltd.

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16 Bondgate Without
Alnwick
Northumberland
NE66 1PP


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r

1. the 18th letter of the English alphabet, a consonant.
2. any spoken sound represented by the letter R or r, as in ran, carrot, or rhyme.
3. something having the shape of R.
4. a written or printed representation of the letter R or r.
5. a device, as a printer''s type, for reproducing the letter R or r.
6. See three R''s.
1. Chem.radical.
2. Math.ratio.
3. regular: a man''s suit or coat size.
4. Elect.resistance.
5. restricted: a rating assigned to a motion picture by the Motion Picture Association of America indicating that children under the age of 17 will not be admitted unless accompanied by an adult. Cf. G , PG, PG–13, X.
6. Theat.stage right.
7. Physics.roentgen.
8. Chess.rook.
1. the 18th in order or in a series, or, when I is omitted, the 17th.
2. the medieval Roman numeral for 80. Cf. Roman numerals.
3. Biochem.arginine.
4. Physics.See universal gas constant.
5. registered trademark: written as superscript ® following a name registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

q

1. the 17th letter of the English alphabet, a consonant.
2. any spoken sound represented by the letter Q or q, as in quick, acquit, or Iraq.
3. something having the shape of a Q.
4. a written or printed representation of the letter Q or q.
5. a device, as a printer''s type, for reproducing the letter Q or q.
1. the 17th in order or in a series, or, when I is omitted, the 16th.
2. the medieval Roman numeral for 500. Cf. Roman numerals.
3. Biochem.glutamine.
4. Physics.heat.
5. Thermodynam.a unit of heat energy, equal to 1018 British thermal units .
6. Also called Q-factor. Electronics.the ratio of the reactance to the resistance of an electric circuit or component.
7. Biblical Criticism.the symbol for material common to the Gospels of Matthew and Luke that was not derived from the Gospel of Mark.

d

The Semitic letter Dâlet probably developed from the logogram for a fish or a door. There are various Egyptian hieroglyphs that might have inspired this. In Semitic, Ancient Greek, and Latin, the letter represented /d/; in the Etruscan alphabet the letter was superfluous but still retained . The equivalent Greek letter is Delta, ‹Δ›.

The minuscule form of ‹d› consists of a loop and a tall vertical stroke. It developed by gradual variations on the majuscule form. In handwriting, it was common to start the arc to the left of the vertical stroke, resulting in a serif at the top of the arc. This serif was extended while the rest of the letter was reduced, resulting in an angled stroke and loop. The angled stroke slowly developed into a vertical stroke. In most languages using the Latin alphabet, ‹d› represents the voiced alveolar plosive /d/, but in the Vietnamese alphabet it represents the sound /z/ in the north and /j/ in the south. In Fijian it represents a prenasalized stop /nd/. In some languages where voiceless unaspirated stops contrast with voiceless aspirated stops, ‹d› represents an unaspirated /t/, while ‹t› represents an aspirated /tʰ/. Examples of such languages include Icelandic, Scottish Gaelic, Navajo, and the Pinyin transliteration of Mandarin.



j

J originated as a swash character to end some Roman numerals in place of i. There was an emerging distinctive use in Middle High German. Gian Giorgio Trissino was the first to explicitly distinguish I and J as representing separate sounds, in his Ɛpistola del Trissino de le lettere nuωvamente aggiunte ne la lingua italiana of 1524. Originally, both I and J repesented ; but Romance languages developed new sounds that came to be represented as I and J; therefore, English J, acquired from the French J, has a sound value quite different from /j/ .

o`brien

The O''Brien dynasty (Irish: Uí Briain or Ua Briain; Modern: Ó Briain) are a royal and noble house founded in the 10th century by Brian Boru of the Dál gCais or Dalcassians. After becoming King of Munster, through conquest he established himself as High King of Ireland. Brian''s descendants thus carried the name O''Brien, continuing to rule the Kingdom of Munster until the 12th century where their territory had shrunk to the Kingdom of Thomond which they would hold for just under five centuries.

In total, four O''Briens ruled in Munster, and two held the High Kingship of Ireland (with opposition). After the partition of Munster into Thomond and the MacCarthy Kingdom of Desmond by Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair in the 12th century, the dynasty would go on to provide around thirty monarchs of Thomond until 1542. During part of this period in the late 13th century they had a rivalry with the Norman de Clare house, disputing the throne of Thomond. The last O''Brien to reign in Thomond was Murrough O''Brien who surrendered his sovereignty to the new Kingdom of Ireland under Henry VIII of the House of Tudor, becoming instead Earl of Thomond and maintaining a role in governance. Today the head carries the title of Prince of Thomond, and depending on succession sometimes also Baron Inchiquin.

Throughout the time that the O''Briens ruled in medieval Ireland, the system of tanistry was used to decide succession, rather than primogeniture used by much of feudal Europe. The system in effect was a dynastic monarchy but family-elected and aristocratic, in the sense that the royal family chose the most suitable male candidate from close paternal relations—roydammna (those of kingly material) rather than the crown automatically passing to the eldest son. This sometimes led to bitter quarrels and in-family warring. Since 1542, the head of the O''Brien house adopted primogeniture to decide succession of noble titles instead.

alnwick

Alnwick is a small market town in north Northumberland, England. The town''s population was just over 8000 at the time of the 2001 census and Alnwick''s district population was 31,029.

According to Country Life, October 2002, "Alnwick is the most picturesque market town in Northumberland, and the best place to live in Britain". The town is situated 32 miles south of Berwick-upon-Tweed and the Scottish border, and 5 miles inland from the North Sea at Alnmouth.

The town dates back to approximately AD 600, and over the centuries has thrived as an agricultural centre; as the location of Alnwick Castle and home of what were in mediaeval times the most powerful northern barons, the Earls of Northumberland; as a staging post on the Great North Road between Edinburgh and London, and latterly as a modern rural centre cum dormitory town. The fabric of the town centre has changed relatively little and still retains much of its original character; however there has been appreciable growth in size over the last ten years, with a number of housing estates covering what had been pasture, and new factory and trading estate developments along the roads to the south of the town.